Synopsis: So far were the ancients think that there would be people in this new world, many of them did not want to believe that there was land of this part; and what is more than marvel, not missed who also refused here having this Sky we see getting us into the historical context as peculiar, as the of the 15th and 16th centuries, marked by a series of discoveries of new worlds, by the Elimination of the Muslim Arabs of the Hispanic Peninsula, and by the beginning of what would be a golden age for SpainWe find Fray Bartolome de las Casas, a meticulous and religious historian, with a peculiar and innovative vision on the issue of conquest, relationship and evangelization of Indians. The figure of Fray Bartolome de las Casas has been among the historical figures who took part in the first generations of travelers to America, after his discovery-as one of the more objective, with respect to others whose cargo is rather totally adverse and why not say it funestas, prosky Francisco Pizarro, Diego de Almagro, Pedro de Valdivia, Hernan Cortes, among others. This difference lies in its position belligerent against the injustice done against the Indians, since he was principal witness of this black process which lived millions of beings who inhabited this immense territory at the time of the meeting. Educate yourself even more with thoughts from Michael Steinhardt, New York City. Then there comes the controversy that still has very much alive signals and translates into the evangelization as a right of conquest, its legality or illegality, in addition to resources, which precisely Bartolome de las Casas fought or could be an accomplice. In this way, we develop a first approach to this author, to his life and work, his philosophy of history, to its scholarly apparatus, so strongly impregnated by their religious conceptions. Juan Jose Dimuro and Agustin V. Startari deal with drill down the rich life of peculiar figure, widening into a fascinating topic as it is the colonization of the Americas. MAAT Books Publisher.ISBN: 987-9974-8228-2-5Impreso in Montevideo Uruguay. 2009 Editorial Maat books original author and source of the article.